examen 3 trimestre

Historian:

-          Stonehenge:

 Is in the sod-oest of United Kingdom. It is a monument of stones. Is a bored monument. It was used as a calendar by druids. Some people think that could a sign for the OVNIS. Some people think that it was used for witches to make a Satan Rituals. Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument located in the English country of Wiltshire, about 3.2 kilometers west of Arnesbury and 13 kilometers north of Salisbury.

-          William Wallace (Brave Heart):

Brave heart is a movie won five Academy Awards, including the Oscar for best film, released in 1995. It is an epic film based on the life of William Wallace, a Scottish national hero who participated in the first war of independence of Scotland. Mel Gibson directed, produced and starred in the film.

-          Merlin / King Arthur legend:

Merlin is a legendary figure best known as the wizard featured in the Arthurian legend. The standard depiction of the character first appears in Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historic Regnum Britannia, written c. 1136, and is based on an amalgamation of previous historical and legendary figures. Geoffrey combined existing stories of Myrddin Wyllt (Merlinus Caledonensis), a North Brythonic prophet and madman with no connection to King Arthur, with tales of the Romano-British war leader Ambrosius Aurelianus to form the composite figure he called Merlin Ambrosius (Welsh: Myrddin Emrys).

-          Robin hood:

Is one of the most important figures in English folklore, whose story originates from medieval times, but who remans significant in popular culture where he is known for  “robbing the rich to give to the poor” and fighting against injustice. His band includes a “three score” group of fellow outlawed yeomen-called “mary Men”. He has been the subject of numerous films, series, comic.

-          Shakespeare:

William Shakespeare (Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, United Kingdom c. 26 April 1564. 23 / May 3, 1616. Was a playwright, poet and English actor. Known sometimes as the Bard of Avon (or simply the Bard), Shakespeare is considered the most important writer in English language and one of the most celebrated of universal literature.

-          Irish Rebellion:

Irish Rebellion, (1798), an uprising that owed its origins to the Society of United Irishmen, which was inspired by the American and French revolutions and established in 1791, first in Belfast and then in Dublin. The membership of both societies was middle-class, but Presbyterians predominated in the Belfast society while the Dublin society was made up of Catholics and Protestants. The societies’ main objectives were parliamentary reform (based on universal male suffrage and complete Catholic emancipation) and the elimination of British rule in Ireland.

-          American Colonies Independence:

The colonists requested/declared their independence from Britain due to the extreme taxes that were being imposed upon them. They were being charged extreme amounts of money because they were an ocean away and did not have anyone representing them in Parliament. Being under British rule those in power felt that they could charge as they chose no matter how far away or unfair it was.

-         Dickens: Oliver Twist:

Oliver Twist (Oliverio Twist in some editions in Spanish) is the second novel by the English author Charles Dickens. Published originally as novel serials monthly appearance on the magazine Bentley completo Miscellany, between February 1837 and April 183. Initially, the author intended that were part of a larger work, The Mudfog Papers.1 is the first novel in the English language that has a child like protagonista.2 also, stands out for its treatment of the world of criminals and their sordid lives, virtually devoid of Romanticismo.3 Oliver Twist is one of the first social novels in the history of literature, called attention to his readers on various social ills of the time, such as child labour or the use of children to commit crimes. Dickens mocks the hypocrisy of his time treating these serious themes with sarcasm and black humor. The novel could have been inspired by the story of Robert Blincoe, an orphan whose account of the hardness of his life as a child laborer in a cotton mill was widely disseminated in the 1830's.

-         Industrial Revolution:

 The Industrial Revolution, which took place from the 18th to 19th centuries, was a period during which predominantly agrarian, rural societies in Europe and America became industrial and urban. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, which began in Britain in the late 1700s, manufacturing was often done in people’s homes, using hand tools or basic machines. Industrialization marked a shift to powered, special-purpose machinery, factories and mass production. The iron and textile industries, along with the development of the steam engine, played central roles in the Industrial Revolution, which also saw improved systems of transportation, communication and banking. While industrialization brought about an increased volume and variety of manufactured goods and an improved standard of living for some, it also resulted in often grim employment and living conditions for the poor and working classes.

-         Commonwealth colonies:

The Commonwealth of Nations, in the past Commonwealth of Nations is an organization of 54 independent countries and semi-independent, with the exception of Mozambique and Rwanda, share historical ties to the UK. Its main purpose is international cooperation in political and economic spheres, and from 1950 belonging to it does not imply any submission to the British crown. With the accession of Mozambique has favored organization Commonwealth of Nations the term to emphasize its internationalist character. However, the adjective British is still used frequently to distinguish it from other existing international associations. Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom is the head of the organization, according to the principles of the Commonwealth, "symbol of the free association of its members."

-         Science explosion:

In 1963, the United States, Soviet Union, and United Kingdom signed the Limited Test Ban Treaty, pledging to refrain from testing nuclear weapons in the atmosphere, underwater, or in outer space. The treaty permitted underground tests. Many other non-nuclear nations acceded to the Treaty following its entry into force; however, three nuclear weapons states have not acceded: France, China, and North Korea.

The primary application to date has been military (i.e. nuclear weapons). However, there are other potential applications, which have not yet been explored, or have been considered but abandoned.

-         World War l:

World War I (WWI) was a global war centered in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918. It was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until the start of World War II in 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter. It involved all the world's great powers, which were assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (based on the Triple Entente of the United Kingdom, France and Russia) and the Central Powers (originally the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy; but, as Austria–Hungary had taken the offensive against the agreement; Italy did not enter into the war). These alliances were both reorganized and expanded as more nations entered the war: Italy, Japan and the United States joined the Allies, and the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria the Central Powers. Ultimately, more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilized in one of the largest wars in history. More than 9 million combatants were killed, largely because of technological advancements that led to enormous increases in the lethality of weapons without corresponding improvements in protection or mobility. It was the fifth-deadliest conflict in world history, subsequently paving the way for various political changes, such as revolutions in many of the nations involved.

-         World War ll:

World War II (WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, with more than 100 million people serving in military units from over 30 different countries. In a state of "total war", the major participants placed their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities at the service of the war effort, erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources. Marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust and the only use of nuclear weapons in warfare, it resulted in 50 million to over 75 million fatalities. These deaths make World War II by far the deadliest conflict in human history.

-          The Beatles:

The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960. They became the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed act in the rock music era. The group's best-known lineup consisted of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr. 

-         European Union:

The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and the European Economic Community (EEC), formed by the Inner Six countries in 1951 and 1958 respectively. In the intervening years the community and its successors have grown in size by the accession of new member states and in power by the addition of policy areas to its remit. The Maastricht Treaty established the European Union under its current name in 1993. The latest major amendment to the constitutional basis of the EU, the Treaty of Lisbon, came into force in 2009.

TOURIST

o   CURRENCY: in UKthere are deferens currency that in Europe:

Coins: 1 penny, 2 pence, 5 pence, 10 pence, 20 pence, 50 pence, one pound, 2 pounds. The 1 penny and 2 pence piece are bronze, the 5, 10, 20 and 50 pence pieces are silver and the 1 and 2 pound coins are gold. All coins carry the Queens head on the front.

Notes: 5 pounds, 10 pounds, 20 pounds, 50 pounds. Front view.

o   TRAVEL TIPS :

§  CLIMATE: With a tropical climate tempered by easterly trade winds, relatively low humidity, and little seasonal temperature variation, the weather in the BVI is rather enjoyable. In the low season, there are some hurricanes, although in recent years they have had little consequent damage beyond some flooding.

§  TO SEE: Nature is the main attraction in the islands, with coral reefs, white sandy beaches, and scenic seaside villages the main draw.

Other attractions include historic villages, churches, and, if the sun is too much for you, a museum in Road Town, the shady Botanic Gardens or the rain forest on Sage Mountain in TortolA.

§  TO EAT: Inevitably, freshly caught seafood is the dish of choice for most people. Lobster and various fish are available from the many restaurants in the BVI. The choices throughout the islands vary from very high-end dining options to beachside cafes. Local dishes include rotes and curries inspired by Guyana and Trinidad cuisine, to Italian, French and Asian influences.

§  TO DRINK:the most famous drink in the British islands is Rum. Many rum-based delicious concoctions can be found at bars on the main beaches and roads.There is plenty of Nightlife around Road Town, although many popular tourist places are advertised and some of the more local bars are worth checking out, so ask a local for what is on where. Live local music is a feature of many restaurants and bars.

§  TO SLEEP: There are larger hotel options on Tortola, as well as many intimate, locally owned inns that are hidden treasures. Private islands like Necker Island and Guana Island can be rented. Peter Island Resort is a very exclusive private island resort. Other high end resorts are on Virgin Gorda, but there are many villas and smaller hotels there as well.

o   ACOMODATIONS: in British Islands you can stay in different hotels, hostels and other homes of families that lend to house.

o   RESTAURANTS: Formal dress and advance reservations are essential when dining on the garden terrace at Brandywine Bay Restaurant, one of Tortola’s finest Italian restaurants. Those craving French or Asian cuisine may prefer the food at the Dove whose wine cart is Tortola’s largest and whose mango tree provides welcome shade on sunny days.

Advance reservations are also required at Virgin Gorda’s Biras Creek Resort, where a panoramic view accompanies the grilled lobster served each Wednesday and Thursday night. Top of the Baths (The Baths, Virgin Gorda), as its name suggests, overlooks Virgin Gorda’s most famous landmark and offers a swimming pool for diners to relax in, as well as Sunday live steel band performances.

Jost Van Dyke’s Ali Baba’s restaurant was named after its owner, who serves fresh seafood, beer, and rum punch next to the Customs House. Hearty breakfasts, savory pizzas, and Tex-Mex dishes are the most popular items on the menu at Corsairs Beach Bar and Restaurant, where absinthe and barbecues take place on Tuesday and Sunday nights. 

o   HISTORICS SITES TO VISIT:

Palace of Westminster

Big - Ben

LONDON EYE

MUSEUM MADAM TUSSAUD’S

LEGO’S SHOP

• WEATHER INFORMATION:

TheUK climateisoceanicmidlatitude, with warm summers, cool wintersand abundantrainfall throughout theyear.
Regional climatesin the UKare influenced bythe Atlantic Oceanandlatitude.Northern Ireland,Wales andwesterlypartsof Englandand Scotland, closer to the Atlanticregionsare generallywarm, wet and windyin the UK,andtemperature rangesthereare sometimes moreextreme. The areasthattend to bedry, cool, less windybutlarger variationsexperimetaestacuionalesdailyandT°.

• TRANSPORT: Whether youare traveling on footor by car, bus, taxi or train, we can help youmovefrom one city toanother, from one airport toa train stationor arestaurant to ahotel, in addition to provide you withthe essential information touse theseGreatBretaña.Volarservicesisan ideal alternativeto save timewithrespect tothe road orthe train whenwe are travelingin Britain.Domestic flightsare fastand frequentbetween airportsinBritain thatoperateroutesdomesticas.Sithesecomingto Britain andhavedisabilitiesto navigatewatch thislinkto find outthetranportoptionsin Britainto offer.

HENRY VIII

	Name :Anne Boleyn Fate :Executed	Children :Elisabeth I Wife Number :2
	Name :Jane Seymour Fate :Died	Children :Edward VI Wife Number :3
	Name :Anne of cleves Fate :Divorced	Children :None Wife Number :
	Name :Catherine of Aragon Fate :Divorced	Children : Wife Number :
	Name :Katherine Parr Fate :Widowed	Children : Wife Number :
	Name :Kathryn Howard Fate :Executed	Children :None Wife Number :5

Henry VIII  was born 28 June was king of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. He was lord, and later king, of Ireland, as well as continuing the nominal claim by the English monarchs to the Kingdom of France. Henry was the second monarch of the Tudor dynasty, succeeding his father, Henry VII.

Catherine and Henry VIII had a child, it was a girl, was born on 31 January 1510. Four months later, Catherine became pregnant again. On New Year's Day 1511, another child was born it was named Henry. In February 1516 had another child it was a girl, his name was Mary.

In 1533 Henry divorced with Catherine and the same year married with Anne Boleyn they had one child, it was a girl his name was Elisabeth. Anne was executed in the tower of London in 1536. In the same year he married with Jane Seymoure who had another child that his name was Edward. Catherine Parr was the last wife of HenryVIII he survived more than Henry he died in 1548. Henry died in 28 of January de 1547.